手术压疮评估表联合分级护理在降低长时间手术患者术中压疮的作用(1)
[摘要]目的 探讨手术压疮评估表联合分级护理在降低长时间手术患者术中压疮的作用。方法 选取2017年6～12月我院实施长时间手术的患者138例，采用随机数字表法将其分为A组和B组，每组69 例。A组患者术中给予普通海绵体位垫预防压疮，B组患者在A组基础上给予手术压疮评估表联合分级护理，比较两组患者的压疮发生率和护理工作满意度。结果 B组患者的术中压疮总发生率低于A组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。B组患者的护理工作总满意率高于A组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 手术压疮评估表联合分级护理能够有效降低长时间手术患者术中压疮发生率，明显提高对护理工作的满意率。
[关键词]手术压疮评估表；分级护理；长时间手术；压疮；满意率
[中图分类号] R473.6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2018)7(a)-0194-03
[Abstract]Objective To explore the role of pressure ulcer assessment scale combined with grading nursing in reducing intraoperative pressure ulcer in long-term surgical patients.Methods A total of 138 patients who underwent long-term surgery in our hospital from June to December 2017 were randomly divided into group A and group B by random number table method，with 69 patients in each group.Patients in group A were given common spongy pads to prevent pressure sores during operation，while patients in group B were given operation pressure sores evaluation form combined with graded nursing on the basis of group A.The incidence of pressure sores and the satisfaction of nursing work were compared between the two groups.Results The total incidence of pressure sores in group B was lower than that in groupA(P<0.05).The satisfaction rate of nursing work in group B was higher than that in group A，the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The operation pressure sore evaluation table combined with graded nursing can effectively reduce the incidence of pressure sores in long-term operation patients and obviously improve the satisfaction rate of nursing work.
[Key words]Pressure ulcer assessment scale；Grading nursing；Long-term surgery；Pressure ulcer；Satisfaction rate
压疮是指局部组织由于长时间受压导致的软组织溃烂坏死，是临床上许多大型手术的常见并发症之一[1]。以往临床在实施长时间手术时应用的护理措施由于缺乏有效评估压疮的手段和与之相适应的护理方法，在一定程度上降低了护理工作预防压疮的有效性[2]。手术压疮评估表是一种结合患者身体状况制定的有效评估压疮风险的工具，能有效降低压疮风险[3]。分级护理是指医护人员针对患者病情进行的分级护理措施，能够有效提高护理工作的针对性和有效性[4]。为此，本研究探讨手术压疮评估表联合分级护理在降低长时间手术患者术中压疮的作用。现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选取2017年6～12月我院實施长时间手术的患者138例，采用随机数字表法将其分为A组和B组，每组69 例。A组中，年龄22～74岁，平均(48.58±12.53)岁；平均体质量指数(22.53±4.59)kg/m2；平均急性生理与慢性健康评分(20.46±2.66)分；平均手术用时(6.02±1.75)h；骨科手术22例，普外科手术26例，神经内科手术21例。B组中，年龄24～76岁，平均(49.24±13.48)岁；平均体质量指数(22.37±3.71)kg/m2；平均急性生理与慢性健康评分(20.80±2.47)分；平均手术用时(5.98±1.56)h；骨科手术18例，普外科手术29例，神经内科手术22例。纳入标准： ①患者>18岁且术前皮肤完好；②术前意识清醒且手术用时超过4 h；③按照美国麻醉师协会[5]对患者身体状况的分级为1～2级；④该研究经我院医学伦理委员会批准且患者知情同意。排除标准：合并严重心肺功能不全、严重皮肤疾病、营养不良、既往有压疮史和患有低蛋白血症、糖尿病等影响皮肤愈合的疾病。两组患者的一般资料比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，具有可比性。, 百拇医药(麦惠琼 袁玉环 罗然尔)
[关键词]手术压疮评估表；分级护理；长时间手术；压疮；满意率
[中图分类号] R473.6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2018)7(a)-0194-03
[Abstract]Objective To explore the role of pressure ulcer assessment scale combined with grading nursing in reducing intraoperative pressure ulcer in long-term surgical patients.Methods A total of 138 patients who underwent long-term surgery in our hospital from June to December 2017 were randomly divided into group A and group B by random number table method，with 69 patients in each group.Patients in group A were given common spongy pads to prevent pressure sores during operation，while patients in group B were given operation pressure sores evaluation form combined with graded nursing on the basis of group A.The incidence of pressure sores and the satisfaction of nursing work were compared between the two groups.Results The total incidence of pressure sores in group B was lower than that in groupA(P<0.05).The satisfaction rate of nursing work in group B was higher than that in group A，the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The operation pressure sore evaluation table combined with graded nursing can effectively reduce the incidence of pressure sores in long-term operation patients and obviously improve the satisfaction rate of nursing work.
[Key words]Pressure ulcer assessment scale；Grading nursing；Long-term surgery；Pressure ulcer；Satisfaction rate
压疮是指局部组织由于长时间受压导致的软组织溃烂坏死，是临床上许多大型手术的常见并发症之一[1]。以往临床在实施长时间手术时应用的护理措施由于缺乏有效评估压疮的手段和与之相适应的护理方法，在一定程度上降低了护理工作预防压疮的有效性[2]。手术压疮评估表是一种结合患者身体状况制定的有效评估压疮风险的工具，能有效降低压疮风险[3]。分级护理是指医护人员针对患者病情进行的分级护理措施，能够有效提高护理工作的针对性和有效性[4]。为此，本研究探讨手术压疮评估表联合分级护理在降低长时间手术患者术中压疮的作用。现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选取2017年6～12月我院實施长时间手术的患者138例，采用随机数字表法将其分为A组和B组，每组69 例。A组中，年龄22～74岁，平均(48.58±12.53)岁；平均体质量指数(22.53±4.59)kg/m2；平均急性生理与慢性健康评分(20.46±2.66)分；平均手术用时(6.02±1.75)h；骨科手术22例，普外科手术26例，神经内科手术21例。B组中，年龄24～76岁，平均(49.24±13.48)岁；平均体质量指数(22.37±3.71)kg/m2；平均急性生理与慢性健康评分(20.80±2.47)分；平均手术用时(5.98±1.56)h；骨科手术18例，普外科手术29例，神经内科手术22例。纳入标准： ①患者>18岁且术前皮肤完好；②术前意识清醒且手术用时超过4 h；③按照美国麻醉师协会[5]对患者身体状况的分级为1～2级；④该研究经我院医学伦理委员会批准且患者知情同意。排除标准：合并严重心肺功能不全、严重皮肤疾病、营养不良、既往有压疮史和患有低蛋白血症、糖尿病等影响皮肤愈合的疾病。两组患者的一般资料比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，具有可比性。, 百拇医药(麦惠琼 袁玉环 罗然尔)